What are the comfrey extract, glucosamine and chondroitin in the formula, and why are they in an external cream?

Comfrey extract is a plant ingredient long used in traditional external products applied to areas under increased strain: muscles, joints and ligaments. In external formulas it acts as part of the herbal base, complementing the action of the other ingredients when the product is massaged in.

Glucosamine and chondroitin are widely known as ingredients of joint supplements taken by mouth. In the cream-balm they work differently — as part of a complex external formula that is applied locally to the target area. Here they complement the massage application of the cream together with the warming ingredients.

Mumijo (shilajit) is a natural substance traditionally included in external products for areas under increased strain. In this cream it complements the overall formula.

It is important to understand that an external product and an oral supplement are different formats with different mechanisms of action. The cream-balm is not a substitute for joint supplements taken by mouth and is not intended to treat any disease. It is chosen as part of home care after exertion — in addition to, not instead of, other ways of maintaining mobility.